When asking a question, provide some choices of possible answers within the question.

For example:

"Over the past few months, what have you done the best? Perhaps you taught the class one subject for a week; followed a revised lesson plan unexpectedly; assisted with the state testing or something else?"

(Swan 1991)

Plural versus singular questions help the conversation to flow smoothly.

Singular question: "What was one of your most notable accomplishment last term?"

By using the word "one" the singular question appears to be closed, meaning there is only one answer needed and the questioner is not interested in details. This technique takes us back a step to the closed question pattern:

Q --------------- A

Plural question: "What were some of the accomplishments last term?"

By using the word "some" this type of questioning sets up a neutral welcoming atmosphere and encourages elaboration about many types of accomplishments.

(Swan 1991)

Questions that include compare and contrast information can be used to help participants organize their responses to questions. By using the words "before" and "after" this type of questioning offers a way for people to answer a question other than just supplying facts. A compare and contrast question requires more thought to answer and can provide better, more detailed information in the response.

An example of a compare / contrast question is:

In what ways did you handle dealing with your class before and after you instituted the class meeting plan?

(Swan 1991)